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二进制安装
1，去官方网站下载通用的二进制文件，并将其传入linux
[root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2，解压安装包
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3，将解压后的文件夹移动到/usr/local/下面，重命名为sc_mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/sc_mysql[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/sc_mysql/[root@localhost sc_mysql]# lsbin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
4,关闭selinux和防火墙
[root@localhost sc_mysql]# setenforce 0[root@localhost sc_mysql]# vim /etc/selinux/config[root@localhost sc_mysql]# service firewalld stopRedirecting to /bin/systemctl stop firewalld.service[root@localhost sc_mysql]# systemctl disable firewalldRemoved symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
5，创建一个/data/mysql文件夹，用来存放mysql的数据文件，需要赋权限
[root@localhost sc_mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql -p[root@localhost sc_mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/chown: 无效的用户: "mysql:mysql"[root@localhost sc_mysql]# useradd -s /sbin/noloign mysql [root@localhost sc_mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/[root@localhost sc_mysql]# chmod 750 /data/mysql
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相关命令解释：chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ 将文件的属主和属组都改为mysql
chmod 750 /data/mysql 赋予文件属主读写执行权限，文件属组读执行权限，其他人没有权限
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执行mysqld的初始化操作[root@localhost sc_mysql]# cd /usr/local/sc_mysql/bin[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/sc_mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql 2020-10-06T07:29:00.399233Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2020-10-06T07:29:00.805989Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902020-10-06T07:29:00.888983Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2020-10-06T07:29:00.965368Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 9a99103b-07a5-11eb-ab37-000c29ab471a.2020-10-06T07:29:00.966517Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2020-10-06T07:29:02.968254Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.2020-10-06T07:29:03.235405Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: q4etr.fPGn1u
修改PATH变量，并将mysql.server复制到init.d下面
[root@localhost bin]# PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sc_mysql/bin[root@localhost bin]# cp ../support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
先将my.cnf文件清空，再 将新的配置内容写入
[root@localhost bin]# >/etc/my.cnf[root@localhost bin]# cat /etc/my.cnf[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/my.cnf[root@localhost bin]# service mysqld start/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directoryStarting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
#报错了，错误原因：/usr/local/mysql文件找不到，因为我们一开始把解压后的后面放到了/usr/local下，命名为了/sc_mysql
#解决方法1：更改/etc/init.d/mysqld里的相关内容，具体如何更改，下面脚本安装里会有说明
#解决方法2：
[root@localhost bin]# mv /usr/local/sc_mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost bin]# service mysqld startStarting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
又报错了，因为将sc_mysql改为mysql后，我们的basedir也需要更改
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql2020-10-06T07:39:24.321218Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2020-10-06T07:39:24.323445Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.2020-10-06T07:39:24.323482Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
又报错了，错误原因是我们之前执行过上条命令，所以/data/mysql里面已经有内容了
所以解决方法有两种：1删除/data/mysql下的内容，再执行上述命令
2将上述命令的–datadir去掉即可[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/2020-10-06T07:40:39.456747Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2020-10-06T07:40:39.882315Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=457902020-10-06T07:40:39.943979Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.2020-10-06T07:40:40.000568Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 3b416199-07a7-11eb-83b5-000c29ab471a.2020-10-06T07:40:40.001627Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.2020-10-06T07:40:40.358552Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.2020-10-06T07:40:40.939087Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: WwWgn7sR7%?T[root@localhost bin]# service mysqld startStarting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.. SUCCESS!
nice ！！！启动成功
设置mysqld开机启动
[root@localhost bin]#chkconfig --add mysqld#可以用chkconfig --list 查看mysqld是否开机启动[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。 要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。 查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。mysqld 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关netconsole 0:关 1:关 2:关 3:关 4:关 5:关 6:关network 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关#可以看到3和5是开启的#linux的运行级别#0:关机1：单用户2：多用户3:字符界面4：没使用5:图形界面6：重启
[root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -p'WwWgn7sR7%?T'-bash: mysql: 未找到命令
又报错，很显然，PATH变量没改
[root@localhost bin]# PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin[root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -p'WwWgn7sR7%?T'mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.30Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.root@(none) 15:42 mysql>alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Sanchuang123#';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
在使用时，你会突然发现，好像忘记了一件很重要的事情，字符集没有指定
root@(none) 15:44 mysql>show variables like “%char%”； 通过上述命令查看，果然没有指定。。。root@(none) 17:30 mysql>show variables like '%char%';+--------------------------+----------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+----------------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8 || character_set_connection | utf8 || character_set_database | utf8 || character_set_filesystem | binary || character_set_results | utf8 || character_set_server | latin1 || character_set_system | utf8 || character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
没办法，再次进入配置文件里，在 [mysqld]下添加一行配置信息
[root@localhost bin]# cat /etc/my.cnf[mysqld_safe][client]socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sockport = 3306open_files_limit = 8192innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512Mcharacter-set-server=utf8[mysql]auto-rehashprompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m mysql>
更改配置文件，需要重启服务使其生效
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld restartShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
成功！
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'Sanchuang123#'mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.root@(none) 15:56 mysql>
再查看字符集
root@(none) 17:30 mysql>show variables like '%char%';+--------------------------+----------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+----------------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8 || character_set_connection | utf8 || character_set_database | utf8 || character_set_filesystem | binary || character_set_results | utf8 || character_set_server | utf8 || character_set_system | utf8 || character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
接下来，将命令写入脚本，方便下次使用
#二进制安装的脚本[root@mysql-binary ~]# cat onekey_binary_install_mysql.sh #!/bin/bash#author:zwx#time: 2020-10-6#QQ:2624551985#####################################编译安装mysql 5.7.30#os: centos7.8.2003 #####################################新建用户mysqluseradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql#解决软件的依赖关系yum install cmake ncurses-devel gcc gcc-c++ vim lsof bzip2 openssl-devel -y#解压二进制安装包tar xf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz #将解压后的文件夹移动剪切到/usr/local下改名为sc_mysqlmv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/sc_mysql#进入/usr/local/sc_mysqlcd /usr/local/sc_mysql#关闭防火墙firewalldservice firewalld stopsystemctl disable firewalld#关闭selinux#临时关闭selinux#永久关闭selinuxsetenforce 0 sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config #mysql的初始化操作mkdir /data/mysql -pchown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/chmod 750 /data/mysql/cd /usr/local/sc_mysql/bin./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/sc_mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql &>passwd.txt #获得临时密码tem_passwd=$(cat passwd.txt |grep "temporary"|awk '{print $NF}') #$NF表示最后一个字段 # abc=$(命令) 优先执行命令，然后将结果赋值给abc #修改环境变量，添加我们编译安装的MySQL的可执行命令的路径echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sc_mysql/bin" >>/root/.bashrcPATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sc_mysql/bin#复制mysql提供的启动mysqld服务的脚本到/etc/init.d目录下-->复制mysqld的启动脚本cp ../support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqldsed -i '66,73 s/mysql/sc_mysql/' /etc/init.d/mysqld sed -i '70c datadir=/data/mysql' /etc/init.d/mysqld#生成/etc/my.cnf配置文件cat >/etc/my.cnf < EOF#启动mysqld服务service mysqld start#设置mysqld开机启动chkconfig --add mysqld#登录重新设置初始密码为Sanchuang123##初次修改密码需要使用--connect-expired-password 选项mysql -uroot -p$tem_passwd --connect-expired-password -e "set password='Sanchuang123#';"#验证密码是否设置成功mysql -uroot -pSanchuang123# -e 'show databases;' && echo "database is installed success" 转载地址：http://kqlzi.baihongyu.com/